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You can do it in every-day conversations by E-Mail or chat. But when writing a somewhat official document, you really should try to get the umlauts right. It's just a question of conformity: You want to use the language, so use it correctly. A whole different problem that will probably come up if you manage to get the umlauts in your email is encoding - if ...

Umlaute werden im Fraktursatz in der Regel mit nachgestelltem e wiedergegeben, wenn es sich bei dem Umlaut um Großbuchstaben (Majuskeln) handelt: Aepfel, Oeſe, Uebung Umlaute als Kleinbuchstaben werden, je nach Schrift, durch ein Trema (¨) oder durch ein übergestelltes kleines e gekennzeichnet. Historischer Nachsatz: Im Mittelalter wurde ein ...

Several ways: Switch to a German keyboard layout. No, really. On Windows, you can (after having configured it) switch between layouts by pressing Shift+Alt, so you can just switch when writing the special characters. This way, you just have to memorize where these four keys are, not all the other differences between US and German layout. Use codes: ä, for ...

Try to omit this practice as much as possible. Nur sehr geubte Leser werden diesen Satz so entziffern konnen wie es ursprunglich gedacht war. Nur sehr geuebte Leser werden diesen Satz so entziffern koennen wie es urspruenglich gedacht war. Nur sehr geübte Leser werden diesen Satz so entziffern können wie es ursprünglich gedacht war. ...

Mit grep finde ich in einem Wörterbuch: egrep ".*[äöüßÄÖÜ].*[äöüß].*[äöüß].*[äöüß]" ~/lib/dicts/utf-german Fußgängerübergänge Größenmaßstäbe größenordnungsmäßig also 3 Vierlinge, aber leider alle mit einer Wiederholung. Längere sind nicht verzeichnet, aber da man im Deutschen beliebig lange Substantive kombinieren kann wäre "Fußgängerübergangsmörtel" ...

ä → ae ö → oe ü → ue Ä → Ae Ö → Oe Ü → Ue ß → ss (or SZ) The SZ is only for words in capitals (and I think for old spelling). Für LaTeX-Nutzer gibt es auch die Umschreibung "a, "o, "u, bzw. "A, "O, "U (bzw. \"a, \"o, \"u, bzw. \"A, \"O, \"U) You are also asking for a kind of official link. Maybe Din 5007 helps a bit. That's a norm for sorting. An "ä" ...

How to handle person's names is a question that's quite common in libraries, for example. The "RAK-WB" ("Regeln für die Alphabetische Katalogisierung - Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken") have a sophisticated system how to handle a person's name ("Ansetzung"), depending mainly on the nationality of that person. You can find more information on M. Payer's paper ...

Here is wikipedia's take on the question. Following those rules would sort your list as Beethoven, Dörfener, Dorfer,de Maizière, Mustermann, von Neumann . [So sad you're last, John! But you remain my hero in 20th century mathematics :-). More seriously, the Hungarians call him Neumann János: they put family names before first names, and of course John ...

An easy way that requires just a little bit adjusting is using US International layout (it's what I'm using and I love it). There seem to exist different variants: With and without dead keys. Without dead keys, everything is normal, except you get lots of accented letters with AltGr, e.g., AltGr + s is ß, AltGr + p is ö, AltGr + q is ä and AltGr + y is ü. ...

I found some word with three characters (un)verhältnismäßig, Verhältnismäßigkeit Präzisionsmeßgerät (old spelling, and perhaps "zusammengesetzte Substantiv") Lückenbüßer Übergröße Müßiggänger außerplanmäßig Some more without a check in the Duden: Einflußgröße Gefäßschädigung Meßgröße Rückäußerung Rückstöße blütenübersät flächenmäßig gefühlsmäßig ...

On Mac OS X you can use: Alt+S = ß Alt+U then A = ä Alt+U then E = ë Alt+U then U = ü (Tested on a UK layout keyboard)

Back in the days of typewriters this transcription was very common, it's certainly not wrong but the excuse that your computer keyboard does not have those keys is hardly valid nowadays as you can easily change the layout. So if you write a very important document and you use the transcription the recipient may take that as laziness on your part. I for one ...

This seems like a hyphen rather than a dash. There are some more hyphens beside the ASCII hyphen-minus in Unicode: U+002D (hyphen-minus) + U+0308 = -̈ U+2010 (hyphen) + U+0308 = ‐̈ U+2011 (non-breaking hyphen) + U+0308 = ‑̈ On my system (and on any system with a proper implementation of OpenType), all three should work as expected. For this application, ...

In case of Zufall -> zufällig you create an adjective from a noun. Some hints when you can shift you find on canoo.net. When you add the suffixes -erig, -ern, -ig, -isch or -lich to a noun you can shift. But not always (gewaltig, schaumig). If you have an adjective and add a suffix, then shifting is possible for -ig and -lich. See again on canoo.net. For ...

Only if your keyboard doesn't let you enter umlauts. (Even with a US keyboard, you can enter umlauts. Hold down the left alt key and type "129" on your numeric keypad to get the u-umlaut. Learn the numbers for them all, put them on a little post-it note, and stick it to your keyboard. there's only 4 letters in the German alphabet that don't exist in the ...

Ich habe hier zwei Programme vorgestellt, die unter Windows bei der Eingabe solcher Zeichen helfen: ac'tivAid Forte und AllChars. Beide sind sehr leicht erlernbar.

Under Mac OS X you can do the following: Make sure you have the option "Show Keyboard & Character Viewer in menu bar" checked Select "Show/Hide Character Viewer" from the menu bar Select "Accented Latin" from the category list Select the desired character. (A double click on the character will insert it into the current application) You can add often ...

I would sort by lastname. I would ignore umlauts, handle ä like a, o like ö and u like ü. With the starting "Von ", "De " etc. I would also ignore them. My ordering would be: van Beethoven, Ludwig Dörfener, Felix Dorfer, Johannes de Maizière, Hans Mustermann, Anton I don't really know if this is correct, but I would do that this way.

Ursprünglich wurden statt der heutigen Großbuchstabenumlaute Ae, Oe und Ue genutzt. Die heutigen Umlaute kamen erst Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts auf, setzten sich dann aber recht schnell durch – auch in der Fraktur. In Duden von 1926 (Fraktur) wird die alte Schreibung bereits gänzlich für falsch erklärt. Vereinzelt gab es auch Schriften, die die alte Form der ...

Under Linux you can use xmodmap to change the layout. With xkeycaps you can interactively redefine keys and generate commands for xmodmap. I use a compose key mapped to Caps Lock, then for example ä is Composea". I do it that way, because I also want non-german letters like å or ç.

For another official link I recommend the ICU project (International Components for Unicode). It basically is a database for all(?) languages/scripts and how to convert, sort and compare words to be used by computer programs. They have a ICU Transform Demonstration which demonstrates the transform rules. For German, you can start with "Latin" as "Source 1" ...

Another way to switch to German keyboard layout under Linux setxkbmap de and back to yours: setxkbmap [us,fr,...] I configured a short cut for this one. This one works on every running X server (99% of Linuxes) without installing/configuring.

Diacritical characters can be sorted in two different ways: like in the telephone-book, or like in the Duden. The Duden sorts them like the normal character, a=ä, o=ö and so on: Muller, Erika Müller, Franziska Mueller, Gerd Müller, Hansi Muller, Inge but the telephone-book sorts them like ~e: ä=ae, ö=oe Müller, Franziska Mueller, Gerd Müller, Hansi ...