In this case the difference is not related to tenses. Erlernen and lernen are two different verbs.

More often than not er can be identified with a (non-separable) prefix that implies to do the things until the goal is reached ("Vorsilbe, die eine zielgerichtete Handlung ausdrückt"). Hence, erlernen is to learn something until you master it, while lernen might only be the process.

lernen: sich lernend mit einer Sache beschäftigen, bis man sie beherrscht

You might wish to know something more here. E.g. erschießen means to shoot somebody dead, till the goal is accomplished (i.e. dies); while schießen can be only to shoot. Or ertrinken (drown); one "drinks" water till one dies.

My favorite is erinnern (to see into yourself until you find the thing you are looking for, till you remember).

In this case the difference is not related to tenses. Erlernen and lernen are two different verbs.

More often than not er can be identified with a (non-separable) prefix that implies to do the things until the goal is reached ("Vorsilbe, die eine zielgerichtete Handlung ausdrückt"). Hence, erlernen is to learn something until you master it, while lernen might only be the process.

erlernen: sich lernend mit einer Sache beschäftigen, bis man sie beherrscht

You might wish to know something more here. E.g. erschießen means to shoot somebody dead, till the goal is accomplished (i.e. dies); while schießen can be only to shoot. Or ertrinken (drown); one "drinks" water till one dies.

My favorite is erinnern (to see into yourself until you find the thing you are looking for, till you remember).

In this case the difference is not related to tempora. Erlernen and lernen are two different verbs.

Usually er can be identified as a (non-separable) prefix that implies to do the things until the goal is reached. Hence, erlernen is to learn something until you master it, while lernen can be only the process.

lernen: sich lernend mit einer Sache beschäftigen, bis man sie beherrscht

In this case the difference is not related to tenses. Erlernen and lernen are two different verbs.

More often than not er can be identified with a (non-separable) prefix that implies to do the things until the goal is reached ("Vorsilbe, die eine zielgerichtete Handlung ausdrückt"). Hence, erlernen is to learn something until you master it, while lernen might only be the process.

lernen: sich lernend mit einer Sache beschäftigen, bis man sie beherrscht

You might wish to know something more here. E.g. erschießen means to shoot somebody dead, till the goal is accomplished (i.e. dies); while schießen can be only to shoot. Or ertrinken (drown); one "drinks" water till one dies.

My favorite is erinnern (to see into yourself until you find the thing you are looking for, till you remember).