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There are a lot of verbs meaning "to relax" or "to rest". It's unclear what the difference between them exactly is. Some of the verbs are: "sich ausruhen", "sich entspannen", "ausspannen", "sich erholen". Is there any difference in meaning between the mentioned verbs in day-to-day usage? Maybe some of them sound unnatural in some contexts and some are preferable in others. Dictionaries often translate these verbs as "to relax" or "to have a rest" but the subtle differences in their meanings and their usage are unclear.

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  • Is alles nur noch "chillen". :) Im Ernst: Im Wörterbuch die Gegensuche machen (was heißt "ausruhen"? und bei konkreten Unklarheiten noch mal nachfragen. Vote to close weil zu allgemein, unklar was die Frage ist.
    – user unknown
    Sep 7 '15 at 22:05
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    @falkb it's open again, I'll clean up my comments now
    – hiergiltdiestfu
    Sep 10 '15 at 20:16
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Basically, they all mean the same. Though each one has a slight different viewpoint.

  • "sich ausruhen" just means you need calm (Ruhe). Often this is the case after stress. You simply need a break. Your power has gone.
  • "sich entspannen" and "ausspannen" are literally meant to reduce the tension (Spannung), although prefix "aus-" emphasizes you're taking yourself "out" of the stress location, while prefix "ent-" emphasizes your body is de-stressing
  • "sich erholen" preferable means to recover from a former (maybe medical) problem state, illness or exhaustion or something.

There is a smooth transition of usuage. But an athlete would prefer "sich ausruhen" after a competition, while a deseased man would "sich erholen", while a working man would "ausspannen" after work, and you would "entspannen" on a yoga mat.

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    Erholung ist fester Bestandteil des Athletendeutsch, zum Beispiel auch für die Pausen beim Intervalltraining.
    – Carsten S
    Sep 7 '15 at 14:01
  • ja, deswegen habe ich als Zustand Erschöpfung mit dazu genommen. Wie gesagt, die Übergänge sind fließend...
    – äüö
    Sep 7 '15 at 14:24
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I could give you some concrete examples / circumstances of how I'd use each if you'd like:

"sich ausruhen" - for example when you're down with a cold, I use it mainly in a physical context referring to my body, be it physically or mentally you come to a rest

"sich entspannen" - while watching a movie, or whatever activity that you enjoy and relaxes you

"ausspannen" - as falkb pointed out, it carries the connotation of relaxing for a longer time with a conscious focus on avoiding what stressed you

"sich erholen" - I'd translate it to " to recuperate" (your strength or what have you)

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