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The following sentence contains a double genitive construction including one proper name:
This is the score of Chopin's first piano concerto.
How can I express this in German? Is it ok to write
Das ist die Partitur des ersten Chopins Klavierkonzerts
or is there is an error somewhere?
In general, you can concatenate as many genitives as you like in German, say
Das ist eine Kopie der Partitur des ersten Klavierkonzerts des polnischen Komponisten Frederic Chopin.
But this works only as long as the genitives are formed using the appropriate form of the definite or indefinite article. As soon as there is a proper noun whose genitive form is created by attaching "s" (i.e., without an article), it gets tricky. In this case, you must usually (*) replace one of the genitives by "von + dative", that is, either
Das ist die Partitur des ersten Klavierkonzerts von Chopin.
or
Das ist die Partitur von Chopins erstem Klavierkonzert.
(*) It is sometimes possible to use a postpositive genitive of the proper name, but I find it really difficult to explain when it's ok and when it's not, cf. my comment to joelsa's answer.
Uwe's answer is totally correct. But regarding your question, yes, there is a syntax error.
Das ist die Partitur des ersten Klavierkonzerts Chopins.
Would be more correct, as "Chopin" is the genetive object. If you ask
Whose "Klavierkonzert" is this? (Wessen Klavierkonzert ist das?)
The answer would be:
It's Chopins Klavierkonzert (Es ist Chopins Klavierkonzert).
Whereas in your sentence its exactly the other way around. Remember that you are trying to use the possessive genetive, which has to be postpositive in this case.
However, Uwe's answers are even more beautiful.
Look at it as a hierarchy of genitives. As long as you have the article „des/der“ to indicate the genitive, you just go from left to right where left is the possession, and right is the possessor.
Die Partitur des ersten Klavierkonzerts des Komponisten Chopin.
This means it is the composer’s concert, and the concert’s score.
However, when names are involved, you usually don’t say „des Chopin“ but „Chopins“. In this case, you have to go from right to left, where right is the possession and left is the possessor.
Chopins Klavierkonzert
In direct comparison you get:
Die Partitur des ersten Klavierkonzerts des Komponisten Chopin.
Die Partitur von Chopins erstem Klavierkonzert.
Note that the last one is not a real genitive, and is more commonly used in colloquial speach. It is actually using a dative instead of a genitive.
Sometimes German and English grammar are not that different. Your German sentence
Das ist die Partitur des ersten Chopins Klavierkonzerts.
is correct, even though it does not parse very smoothly, and would be rendered thus in English:
This is the score of the first Chopin's piano concerto.
So we would be talking about the piano concerto of the first Chopin. Not what you meant.
Also, your English sentence
This is the score of Chopin's first piano concerto.
can be translated quite directly into German using the kind of pure genitive that you were trying to use:
Dies ist die Partitur Chopins ersten Klavierkonzerts.
However, that sounds a bit stilted, so one would usually use von for one of the two genitives:
Dies ist die Partitur von Chopins erstem Klavierkonzert.
or
Dies ist die Partitur des ersten Klavierkonzerts von Chopin.
As remarked by joelsa, the latter word order also again allows for
Dies ist die Partitur des ersten Klavierkonzerts Chopins.
