Is there a good online resource to look up the etymology of German words?

Question

Is there a good online resource — free or not free — to look up the etymology of German words?

Something like Duden's "Herkunftswörterbuch"?

Answer 1

The largest etymological resource for the German language is the DWB, Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, or just Grimm for short. It is, however, not suited for learners of the language, and is sometimes even hard to understand for natives. If you're just looking for a quick explanation of the origin of a word, it's also not the best one.

It's an interesting read though if you're interested in the evolution of the language since the 16th century.

Answer 2

The German Wiktionary often lists the etymology of words under the „Herkunft“ header. Note that that is usually quite concise.

Answer 3

The one that I know of is DWDS:

It has some data from the "Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (nach Pfeifer)", it's usefulness will depend on the actual term you're looking for.

Answer 4

Kluge. Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. Bearb. v. Elmar Seebold. Berlin, New York: de Gruyter (25) 2011, ISBN 978-3-11-022364-4

A standard reference for German etymology. It is available online from some University Libraries if you have access there, but you can buy it as E-Book or Android App:

E-Book: http://www.degruyter.com/view/product/42888?rskey=p8lKVW&result=1

Android-App by Google: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.doctronic.xaverplayer4android.kluge

Answer 5

Duden offers some limited etymology information when you search for a word. For example:

Märchen

Herkunft: spätmittelhochdeutsch (mitteldeutsch) merechyn, Verkleinerungsform von mittelhochdeutsch mære, Mär

Answer 6

A 2011 edition of Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache by Friedrich Kluge has been mentioned in an answer by Martin Schwela dated Feb 13 '15 at 0:57. I don't have enough points to chime in there so I'll do it here instead.

A completely free, out-of-copyright edition is available at the Internet Archive link below. It's in German and English. While the headwords and entries and all in German (in old form Gothic type) and the 'relatives' of the entry word that appear in the explanations are in their original languages, the rest of each explanation is in English.

Details and links: https://archive.org/details/etymologicaldict00kluguoft

Answer 7

Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology, die Lehre von der Wortherkunft (Conrad Horst)

Answer 8

TL;DR The best online resource for extensive etymology information is DWDS (Digitales Wörterbuch der Deutschen Sprache). I justify this and explain interesting informations in this context in the text below.

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I recently completed my search for good etymology resources of german words myself and will now share my results with you:

Best affordable resources

Creating an etymology resource is no trivial thing, so there aren't many extensive such resources, just four:

• Deutsches Wörterbuch (DWB) von Grimm: The earliest (?!), extensive etymology dictionary (started 1838, finished 1961).
• Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache von Fridrich Kluge:: First version 1883, newest 2011.
• Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen von Wolfgang Pfeifer: First version was published 1989. 2010 is the latest version.
• Das Herkunftswörterbuch vom Duden: I don't know when that was first published, but I assume that the "Herkunftswörterbuch" came after the other three. Latest version is was published 2013.

I found these resources after searching some google search sites for the keywords "etymologisches wörterbuch" and similar names and also searched amazon (I also found this pdf which also lists Paul Hermann's "Deutsches Wörterbuch" - but this seems way too much expensive). German Wiki for Etymologisches Wörterbuch also lists a dictionary by Ursula Hermann (which seems not to be maintained because it's newest version is from 1982), similiarly there is a dictionary by Rolf Hiersche which were only some papers (not dictionary and not maintained from 1990), another dictionary by Lutz Mackensen which isn't maintained as well (from 1966). Something that isn't maintained is probably not worth maintaining because there are better things, so I ignore those (they are probably difficult to get anyway).

Best free online resources

The resources you get online are either digitaled versions of already existant resources or are collaborated works.

• Deutsches Wörterbuch DWB von Grimm online: The university of Trier provides an online version of that early resource.
• DWDS: There you get a digital version of Wolfgang Pfeifers "Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen" (based on the 2. version, the newest one is 3. version).
• Duden Online: Duden often provides online a short information about the etymology (this does not compare to the "Herkunftswörterbuch" - it's very short information).
• (Just to clarify: Kluge is, not even partly, digital available for free; Similiarly Paul Hermann's work isn't online available for free)
• And finally the community driven online resource Wiktionary: You will see that, the etymology information there is mostly ultimately based on the already named resources (e.g. Kluge). And the Etymolgy information is in comparison to DWDS relatively short.

My judgement: Use DWDS. There you will get not only a direct etymology information but also many crossreferences to other words (which I think is very interesting for someone who is interested in etymology). There you can also get to the correct article of DWB by Grimm with one click. Duden Online and Wiktionary are only interesting if you want only short etymolgy information directly for the words you look up (so there are in comparison less crossreferences). It's also interesting if you don't find something in dwds.

Just want to add the utility I see in studying etymology: Knowledge is the key in our world and it developed during a long time. Units of knowledge are given words, to communicate those knowledge units. So, when we understand the etymology of words, we understand how the humans devloped an understanding from the world, and also have many content connections that we normaly don't see. So in short: One can understand the world a bit better :).

Answer 9

You might give wiktionary a try. It's a community driven dictionary, which also discloses the etymology of the words.

Answer 10

I find this resource extremely useful:

http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/query.cgi?basename=%5Cdata%5Cie%5Cgermet

EDIT: Since some people couldn't figure out how to use it, I'll add an example. Say you want to know etymology of some word, like, "Dach". Go to the very end of the page, where you see "German" field and enter it there. It works pretty much like google, offering you the search results over the databases it has. For the "Dach" you get:

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Proto-Germanic: *ɵakjan- vb., *ɵaka-n, *ɵakjō(n), *ɵakinō; *ɵakō; *stakōn Meaning: cover, thatch IE etymology: IE etymology Old Norse: ɵekja wk. decken, kleiden; mit einem Dach versehen'; ɵak n.Dach, Decke, Dachmaterial, zusächtliche Büsse'; ɵekja f. Dach, Decke'; staka f.unzubereitetes Fell' Norwegian: tekkja sbs.; tekja vb.; tak; dial. toka Schweinehaut' Old Swedish: ɵäkkia sbs. Swedish: täcka vb.; tak Danish: dial. täkkeStrohdach'; täkke vb.; tag Old English: ɵecc(e)an bedecken', ɵäkDach', ɵecen f. Decke, Dach' English: thatch Old Frisian: thecca vb.; thekke Old Saxon: thecinaDecke, Dach'ж theccan Middle Dutch: dac dak, dekriet'; dēken f.deken'; decken Dutch: dak n.; deken f.; dekken Middle Low German: dak dak, dekriet'; decken; decke Low German: dēkendeken' Old High German: thecken (8.Jh.) decken'; thahDach, Haus, Bedeckung' (9.Jh.), decchī f. `Decke, Dach' Middle High German: dɛcken (prt. dacte/dachte) wk. 'decken, bedecken; schützen, schirmen'; dach st. n. 'Dach, Bedeckung, das Oberste, Stützende' German: Dach n., decken

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It looks extremely illuminating to me.