German is very strict about putting the verb in the second position in a sentence. So in a simple sentence like, "Ich kam später", if I put spater in the first position, ich has to go in the third position: "Später kam ich."
But this does not appear to be true for certain words (particles?) such as "und" and "aber."
So I can use "Und ich kam später," or "Aber ich kam später" without changing the word order. It is as if "Und" and "aber" were placed in the "zeroeth" position of a sentence, so the rest of the sentence is not disturbed.
For which words in German is this true, and what is the grammatical term for these words?
Edit: A commenter answered the second part of the question by calling these words "coordinating conjunctions." What are the coordinating conjunctions in German (besides "und" and "aber")?
Second edit: On the list provided by another commenter, both "aber" and "sondern" (which mean "but") are on the list. "Oder," which means "or" is on the list, but "sonst" doesn't seem to be. Is that an oversight on my part, or is "sonst" really treated differently from "oder?" Also, it seems that "weil" and "denn" are treated differently even though they both mean "because." Could it be that one out of each pair oder/sonst, denn/weil is considered a coordinating conjunction and one is not?