Ich habe eine Tasche für meinen Bruder.
Ich habe meinem Bruder eine Tasche.
The first sentence with Akkusativ preposition while the second one with Dativ. Which one is correct? Or may be both?
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2You are missing a verb, that's not a complete sentence. For instance Ich habe meinem Bruder eine Tasche geschenkt. would be and using Dativ. – πάντα ῥεῖ Sep 23 '18 at 17:23
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1@KhadimAli: it is perfectly OK to just edit a post without mentioning as long as we do not have an answer refering to this. Even then, if it was an obvious typo unrelated to the question we should edit it out to make our issue clear. – Takkat♦ Sep 23 '18 at 17:26
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@πάνταῥεῖ Okay, not complete but not wrong either? Or is it wrong to say incomplete sentence like this in Deutsch? If you post this as a answer too that would be great. – Khadim Ali Sep 23 '18 at 17:51
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@KhadimAli Incomplete sentences make no sense usually. – πάντα ῥεῖ Sep 23 '18 at 17:53
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1The reason why native speakers are confused is the verb haben can mean to possess, but much more often it's an auxiliary for perfect tense. We miss the needed past participle gekauft in your second example. This is needed because haben in the meaning to possess has no receiver == dative object. But you have one in there. – Janka Sep 23 '18 at 18:44
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You present an interesting pair of sample sentences. Indeed, from the viewpoint of pure grammar, both sentences are "correct", but the second
*Ich habe meinem Bruder eine Tasche
is so unusual that almost everybody will tell you it is wrong.
I, however, claim that it is grammatically acceptable. Why? There are both in dialects of German and in German colloquial language various expressions that use exactly your syntactical construct, although with other topics:
Hast du mir mal 'ne Zigarette?
Do you have a cigarette for me?
Hier, ich hab' dir ein Geschenk.
Here, I have a present for you.
But, as I said, this is very specifically colloquial language. These things do not work that way in (orderly) written language. So, as learner of German: just do not use it actively. But do not be puzzled when you hear it in some informal conversation.
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I suppose that you are confusing two concepts:
- doing or having something for someone else and
- expressing that someone is the receipient of an action.
Let us consider the following two sentences, which differ only in the verb:
- Ich kaufe eine Tasche. → I buy a bag.
- Ich habe eine Tasche. → I have a bag.
Now, we want to express that the bag is for your brother. In both cases, you can do this using the accusative preposition für:
- Ich kaufe eine Tasche für meinen Bruder. → I buy a bag for my brother.
- Ich habe eine Tasche für meinen Bruder. → I have a bag for my brother.
For the verb kaufen there is another possibility: The act of buying can have a recepient, i.e., your brother; and this can be expressed in terms of a dative object. However, this does not work with haben; the act of having something does not have a receipient.
- Ich kaufe meinem Bruder eine Tasche. → I buy my brother a bag.
Ich habe meinem Bruder eine Tasche. → I have my brother a bag.
