How to pronounce "=" in mathematics or in related disciplines?

Question

In English mathematical sign = is typically pronounced as equals

For example A = B is pronounced: A is equal to B or in programming A != B is pronounced A is not equal to B

How do you pronounce it in German?

Answer 1

The usual way to say it is "ist gleich" or, shorter, "gleich".

a = b : "a (ist) gleich b"
a ≠ b : "a (ist) ungleich b"
a ≤ b : "a (ist) kleiner gleich b"
a ≥ b : "a (ist) größer gleich b"
a < b : "a ist kleiner als b" or "a ist kleiner b" or "a kleiner als b" or "a kleiner b"
a > b : "a (ist) größer (als) b"

for (i=1; i<=b; i++)

"For, Klammer auf, i gleich eins, Semikolon, i kleiner gleich b, Semikolon, i plus plus, Klammer zu"

As pointed out in the comments, a programmer familiar with this kind of syntax would probably shorten that to something less verbatim, but I'm just using this example here for the = and <= that it contains.

Also, almost all programming languages differentiate between an assignment operator and an "equals" comparison. For example, in languages with a C-based syntax, it's = vs ==. To my knowledge, there is no agreed-upon way of making that distincton when reading out loud. See the discussion in the comments for some suggestions. For me, in C-style languages, I'm mostly just reading assigments as "gleich" vs. comparison as "gleich gleich", but I have heard different ways to put it. Many of these make sense in themselves as long as they are used consequently.