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Ich habe mir den Kopf gestoßen. (gegen/an)
Ich habe mir den Kopf angestoßen. (gegen/an)
Ich habe mit dem Kopf an der Tischkante geschlagen.
Ich habe mit dem Kopf auf der Tischkante aufgeschlagen.

Is there any nuances between these four examples? Is there a specific situation where we would use only one of them ?

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    When you ask a question in English you should also use an English title. Otherwise it is unclear in which language you are expecting the answer. The German word »stoßen« is not a noun, so it must not be written with an uppercase first letter. Your "three" examples are actually four. I corrected these errors and changed formatting of the examples.
    – Hubert Schölnast
    Jan 3 at 10:30
  • For what it's worth: "Ich habe mit dem Kopf an der Tischkante geschlagen." means something like you tapped a beat with your head on the table's edge. While this is certainly possible, I'd at least describe this as unusual.
    – infinitezero
    2 days ago

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There are different sentences with different meaning:

a) (sich) (an etwas) stoßen: to stumble or bump against sth. It implies usually no blood being spillt.

Ich habe mir (ein Körperteil) gestoßen

This is unintentionally hitting something with the body part. Usually this is used when it hurts afterwards or leaves a sore spot visible afterwards.

b) etwas anstoßen

Ich habe (eine Sache) (mit einem Körperteil) angestoßen

This means you hit something slightly, giving it a push. This is usually to describe an action on the thing and does not look so much at your body part used to push it.

c) aufschlagen: to bash sth open. this means you hit your bodypart with some blunt object or impact so badly that you are bleeding.

Ich habe mir (ein Körperteil) (an etwas) aufgeschlagen

d) schlagen: to beat or hit

Ich habe mit (etwas / einem Körperteil) an etwas geschlagen

You use the bodypart to beat (onto) something or hit or bang on something.

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