In English,
He failed the exam many times, which puts a negative influence on his mental health.
translated into German:
Er hat bei dem Test vielmals durchgefallen, welch(er/es/e) einen negativen Einfluss auf seine psychische Gesundheit legt.
The relative clause "which puts..." refers to the whole main clause "He failed...".
Question 1
In the German translation, which ending (er/es/e) is appropriate here? The whole main clause doesn't have a specific gender!
Question 2
The English version can be made more compact:
He failed the exam many times, putting a negative influence on his mental health.
How can we make the similar compact version in German translation? Maybe legend somehow?
Similar discussion can be found here (Was kann man statt „basierend auf“ sagen?). But I would like to know grammar-experts' opinion on this.
*** Updated on 2023.04.01 ***
For @HalvarF
In English grammar, one can make a relative clause to refer to another entire neaby (main) clause. Detail here: Relative clauses referring to a whole sentence:
Some relative clauses refer to a whole clause, a whole sentence, or a longer stretch of language. We always use which to introduce these clauses.
Example:
I think the other thing that was really good about it as well was that everybody worked really hard and helped tidy up at the end, which I hadn’t expected at all.