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The following example sentence is quoted from Duden:

er fand den Ausgang der Sache bedauerlich, entmutigen jedoch ließ er sich nicht;

The word jedoch is labelled as an adverb in the dictionary; hence in the 2nd clause there are two words before the finite verb ließ which then occupies the 3rd position in the clause; does this violate the verb-second rule? How can we reconcile them?

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    Keine Ahnung, wieso die Beispiele beim Duden mit Kleinbuchstaben beginnen - im Englischen begannen, als ich es lernte, Sätze jedoch groß. Commented Apr 23, 2016 at 2:27

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The placement of jedoch in your example is indeed a little bit weird, as long as it is not enclosed in a pair of commas marking it an insertion into the sentence (as which I automatically read it, pauses included).

It would be no real problem (see your previous questions) if jedoch had been in first — or actually zeroth — position in that sentence. And it would also not be a problem if jedoch occupied a later position after the verb:

[…] entmutigen ließ er sich jedoch nicht.

Whatever the actual case is, while it is a violation of basic rules it is still okay if used for emphatic (or poetic) reasons. So I think you should just mentally mark it as an exception and move on.

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