How would you call direction sign in German? Those are signs located next to roads telling information about right directions to particular cities together with the number of kilometers to get there.
Examples:
An example sentence would be:
Look, there is direction sign, now we should turn left to continue going to Paris.
So far, I have found:
Colloquially, you simply call them Wegweiser. As you can see from this list there are some variants like Vorwegweiser or Wegweisertafel, but I never heard them being used, so I think they are technical terms only being used by "road sign professionals".
Note that you can use the word Wegweiser for more or less every sign that indicates a route or direction, as you can tell from its entry on Wikipedia. It is not restricted to the signs along the roads.
Since Wegweiser on roads are special kinds of traffic signs, i.e. Straßenschilder in German, it is no surprise that others have suggested to use this word. To me that would sound a bit uncommon, probably because the word includes all kind of traffic signs and also the plates with the street names. On the other hand, the short form Schild would be appropriate IMHO, in particular in situations where one would prefer short words: "Stop, da war ein Schild - nach Berlin geht es rechts weg!".
I think most Germans would simply call it Straßenschild or Straßenbeschilderung as every other street sign. This road sign contains specific information about the direction. If you want to specify the sign, you can use a sentence like:
Das Straßenschild führt Richtung Berlin.
You asked about Germany, but maybe you also want to know how those signs are called in Austria, where people speak German too.
The Austrian StVO (StraßenVerkehrsOrdnung = road traffic act) would call the sign where you can read »Jihlava« a »Vorwegweiser«. This is how a Vorwegweiser really looks like in Austria:
And this is the version you can find in Germany:
The sign where you can read »Miami« would be a »Überkopfwegweiser«.
Example for a real Austrian Überkopfwegweiser:
Sorry, I don't know how a Überkopfwegweiser is called in Germany. Obviousely it is not »Überkopfwegweiser«, because I couldn't find a picture of a German Überkopfwegweiser.
The generic term for those signs is »Wegweiser«. (Not only in Austria, but everywhere where you speak German)
So the literal translation of »Wegweiser« is »way-pointer«.
Other literal translations:
Usage of »Wegweiser« in a sentence:
Look, there is direction sign, now we should turn left to continue going to Paris.
Schau, da ist ein Wegweiser, jetzt sollten wir links abbiegen um weiter nach Paris zu fahren.
You would call it "Ankündigungstafel" which would mean announce sign.
Here in German: http://www.strassenschilder.de/richtzeichen/ankuendigungstafel/
